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There is a strong relationship between x-ray photons and electrons.
If you shoot an electron at the right kind material at the right energy, you have a 99% chance of producing heat, and a 1% chance of producing x-rays.
If you shoot an x-ray photon into matter, it may pass through the material unchanged, it may interact with atoms to produce heat, or it may affect atomic electrons so as to cause ionization, or to break molecular bonds.
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